Breast cancer is a disease where breast cells grow without control. Cancer can originate at different body parts.
The breast contains three different parts: lobules, ducts, and connective tissue.
Lobules are involved in the production of milk
Ducts carry milk to nipples
Connective tissues, which is composed of fibrous and fatty tissue, fill and keeps everything together
Metastatic breast cancer is breast cancer when it spreads to other parts of the body.
Symptoms of breast cancer
Some of the breast cancer symptoms are the formation of lumps in the breast or armpit, dimpling on the breast, irritation of the breast, pain in the breast, redness near nipples, pain at nipples, variation in the shape of the breast.
Risk factors of breast cancer
Age: People who are more than 50 years of age are at higher risk of breast cancer
Mutations: Mutations in genes like BRCA1 and BRCA2 causes breast cancer
Reproductive history: Starting early menstrual periods and menopause after 55 years of age increase the risk of breast cancer
Family history: Women with a mother, sister, or daughter who had breast cancer are at higher risk of developing breast cancer
Radiation therapy: Women who are exposed to radiation therapy before the age of 30 years are at higher risk of developing cancer
Lifestyle changes: Physically active women are at lesser risk of developing breast cancer
Alcohol: Women who drink less alcohol is at lesser risk of developing breast cancer
Treatment
Surgery: A surgery to remove the cancerous tissue
Chemotherapy: Chemotherapeutics agents are given as pills or injected into the bloodstream
Radiation therapy: Use of X-rays and other rays to kill the cancer cells
Hormonal therapy: Stops the hormones that are required for the cells to grow
Different specialized products are approved for treating breast cancer.
Abemaciclib (Verzenio)
Indicated for hormone receptor-positive (HR+) and HER2 negative (HER2-) and is advanced breast cancer
Used in combination with fulvestrant
Indicated along with aromatase inhibitor if it is given as a first-line option
Alprelisib (Piqray)
HER negative breast cancer with PIK3CA gene
Anastrozole
Early HR+ positive breast cancer and in advanced or metastatic stages
Atezolizumab (Tecentriq)
Indicated for triple-negative breast cancer
The drug is indicated in combination with paclitaxel
Everolimus (Afinitor)
Indicated for hormone receptor-positive (HR+) and HER2 negative (HER2-) and is advanced breast cancer
Exemestane
Indicated for treating advanced breast cancer
Early-stage estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer
Fulvestrant (Faslodex)
Indicated for hormone receptor-positive (HR+) and HER2 negative (HER2-) and is advanced breast cancer
Olaparib (Lynparza)
HER 2 negative breast cancer with mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene
Paclitaxel (Abraxane)
Indicated for relapsed breast cancer after treatment with chemotherapy
Palbociclib (Ibrance)
Indicated for hormone receptor-positive (HR+) and HER2 negative (HER2-) and is advanced breast cancer
Pertuzumab (Perjeta)
Indicated for HER2 positive breast cancer
Ribociclib (Kisqali)
Indicated for hormone receptor-positive (HR+) and HER2 negative (HER2-) and is advanced breast cancer
Trastuzumab (Kadcyla)
Indicated for the treatment of HER positive breast cancer
Tucatinib (Tuksya)
Indicated for HER 2 positive advanced or metastatic breast cancer
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