Lilly's Tirzepatide Outperforms Semaglutide in Weight Loss Trial
Eli Lilly and Company recently announced results from the SURMOUNT-5 clinical trial, showing that tirzepatide delivered superior weight loss compared to semaglutide in adults living with obesity.
The trial revealed that participants using tirzepatide experienced an average weight reduction of 20.2%, equivalent to 50.3 pounds (22.8 kg). In comparison, those taking semaglutide saw a 13.7% weight loss, or 33.1 pounds (15.0 kg).
Key Findings from SURMOUNT-5
SURMOUNT-5 is a Phase 3b open-label, randomized study comparing tirzepatide, a dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist, with semaglutide, a mono GLP-1 receptor agonist. Conducted in adults with obesity or overweight who have at least one weight-related medical condition but do not have diabetes, the study showed tirzepatide provided a 47% greater relative weight loss than semaglutide.
At 72 weeks, tirzepatide demonstrated superiority in the primary endpoint—percent weight change from baseline—and outperformed semaglutide on all five key secondary endpoints. Notably, 31.6% of participants taking tirzepatide achieved at least a 25% reduction in body weight, compared to 16.1% of those on semaglutide.
Safety and Tolerability
The safety profile of tirzepatide in SURMOUNT-5 aligned with previous trials in the SURMOUNT program. The most frequently reported side effects for both treatments were gastrointestinal in nature, typically mild to moderate in severity.
Future Plans for Tirzepatide
Eli Lilly plans to publish the full findings of the SURMOUNT-5 trial in a peer-reviewed journal and present the data at an upcoming medical conference. Tirzepatide is marketed as Zepbound for obesity and related conditions in the United States, and as Mounjaro in other global markets. In addition to its use for weight loss, tirzepatide is also approved under the name Mounjaro for managing type 2 diabetes.
Details About SURMOUNT-5
The trial enrolled 751 participants across the United States and Puerto Rico, randomly assigning them in a 1:1 ratio to receive either tirzepatide (at maximum tolerated doses of 10 mg or 15 mg) or semaglutide (1.7 mg or 2.4 mg). The primary goal was to assess the percentage change in body weight from baseline after 72 weeks of treatment. Participants included those with obesity or overweight who had conditions such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, sleep apnea, or cardiovascular disease but were free of diabetes.
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About Tirzepatide
Tirzepatide is a dual-action therapy targeting the receptors for GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide) and GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1), hormones that regulate appetite and metabolism. By activating these receptors, tirzepatide reduces calorie intake, helping individuals achieve and sustain significant weight loss.
Lilly is also investigating tirzepatide’s potential benefits in other conditions, including chronic kidney disease, heart failure with obesity, and obstructive sleep apnea. Earlier this year, Lilly submitted data on these indications to regulatory authorities, further expanding the therapeutic scope of this innovative treatment.
Tirzepatide is the first and only dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist approved for long-term weight management, recommended for use alongside a healthy diet and regular exercise.
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